← All posts
Odds & math

American odds explained: what + and − mean

American odds — also called moneyline odds — are the default at US sportsbooks, and they look baffling until you learn the single rule behind them. The sign tells you whether a bet is a favorite or an underdog, and the number is always measured against $100. Master that and you can read any American price in seconds.

The + and − rule

A minus sign (−) marks the favorite: the number is how much you must risk to win $100. So −200 means risk $200 to win $100. A plus sign (+) marks the underdog: the number is how much you win on a $100 bet. So +150 means a $100 bet wins $150 in profit. That is the entire system — everything else is just arithmetic on those two rules.

Reading minus (−) prices: favorites

The bigger the minus number, the heavier the favorite — and the less it pays. −110 is the standard price on point spreads and totals (risk $110 to win $100). −200 is a clear favorite (risk $200 to win $100). −700 is a heavy favorite: you would risk $700 just to win $100, which is exactly why loading up on big favorites quietly bleeds a bankroll — a single loss wipes out many small wins.

Reading plus (+) prices: underdogs

Plus prices pay more than your stake. +150 wins $150 on $100, +250 wins $250, and +700 wins $700 on a $100 bet. You do not have to stake exactly $100 — the number just scales. At +150, a $20 bet wins $30 (20 × 1.5). The $100 is a reference point for comparing prices, not a required bet size.

Turning American odds into a payout

For a plus price, profit = stake × (odds ÷ 100): a $40 bet at +150 wins 40 × 1.5 = $60. For a minus price, profit = stake × (100 ÷ odds): a $40 bet at −200 wins 40 × 0.5 = $20. Add your stake back for the total return — the $60 profit becomes $100 back, the $20 becomes $60 back.

Turning American odds into a probability

The number sharp bettors actually care about is the implied probability — the win rate the price bakes in. For a plus price it is 100 ÷ (odds + 100): +150 → 100 ÷ 250 = 40%. For a minus price it is odds ÷ (odds + 100), ignoring the sign: −200 → 200 ÷ 300 = 67%. If your own estimate of the real chance is higher than the implied number, you have found value.

See any American price as a payout and a probability instantly, next to a full odds chart: Open the odds converter & chart

Why −110 is everywhere

You will see −110 on almost every spread and total. It is the book's standard price, and it implies a 52.4% break-even win rate — the bit above a coin flip is the sportsbook's margin, the vig. It is why winning half of your −110 bets slowly loses money, and why grabbing a slightly better number (−105, or +100) matters far more than it looks.

Same price, different clothes

American odds are not special — they are one of three ways to write the same number. +150 is 2.50 in decimal and 3/2 in fractional; −200 is 1.50 decimal and 1/2 fractional. Once you can turn any format into an implied probability, you can line up prices across books and formats without blinking.

The full guide to decimal and fractional too: How to read betting odds

Bankroll Guardian logs every bet in whichever odds format you prefer, converts it to an implied probability, and grades it against the closing line automatically — so the math is done for you.

Bankroll Guardian is a bet-tracking and analytics tool — not a sportsbook, and none of this is betting advice. Betting carries risk; please bet responsibly.

Put this into practice

Bankroll Guardian tracks your bets, grades your CLV, and surfaces +EV lines automatically. Free to start.